The Close the Gap Campaign for Indigenous Health Equality was launched in 2006. The campaign is a joint effort by a coalition of Australia's peak Indigenous and non-Indigenous health bodies, NGOs and human rights organisations to achieve health and life expectation equality for Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

The poorer health of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples when compared to the non-Indigenous population is no secret – and something can be done about it. The campaign's goal is to close the health and life expectancy gap between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and non-Indigenous Australians within a generation (by 2030). The campaign is built on evidence that shows that significant improvements in the health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples can be achieved within short time frames.

On National Close the Gap Day, events are held around the country to raise awareness of, and show support for, the campaign and its goals and to remind governments that they have committed to action to close the gap.